What is PEG-100 Stearate used for in cosmetics?
PEG-100 Stearate helps combine oil and water into a stable oil-in-water emulsion. It is primarily used in creams, lotions, cleansing milks, and hair care products.
Is PEG-100 Stearate an emulsifier?
Yes. PEG-100 Stearate is a nonionic oil-in-water emulsifier that helps keep oil and water mixed together for a long time.
Is PEG-100 Stearate the same as Glyceryl Stearate?
No. They are different ingredients. PEG-100 Stearate is primarily a hydrophilic emulsifier, while Glyceryl Stearate is mainly used as a co-emulsifier, emollient, and texturizer.
Why are glyceryl stearate and PEG-100 stearate often combined?
This combination forms a versatile emulsifying system. PEG-100 Stearate facilitates the formation of the emulsion, while Glyceryl Stearate contributes to its structure, stability, and a pleasant feel on the skin.
Is PEG-100 Stearate the same as emulsifying wax?
Not always. Pure PEG-100 Stearate consists of a single ingredient. Commercial emulsifying waxes often contain PEG-100 Stearate in combination with Glyceryl Stearate, Cetearyl Alcohol, or other emulsifiers and texturizers.
How much PEG-100 Stearate should I use?
The recommended dosage depends on the composition of your formulation and the size of the oil phase. As a general guideline, a few percent of the total formulation is often used. Always consult the supplier’s technical documentation.
At what stage do I add PEG-100 Stearate?
PEG-100 Stearate is typically added to the heated oil phase so that it can melt completely before the oil and water phases are mixed.
Does PEG-100 Stearate need to be heated?
Yes. PEG-100 Stearate is usually a solid raw material and must be completely melted before a stable emulsion can be formed.
Can PEG-100 Stearate be used as the sole emulsifier?
That depends on the formulation and the grade used. In many recipes, PEG-100 Stearate is combined with Glyceryl Stearate, fatty alcohols, or other co-emulsifiers to provide extra stability and a better texture.
Can I combine PEG-100 Stearate with Cetearyl Alcohol?
Yes. Cetearyl Alcohol is often added to make a cream thicker, more stable, and creamier. The combination with PEG-100 Stearate is commonly used in lotions and face creams.
Is PEG-100 Stearate a thickener?
PEG-100 Stearate has some effect on the structure of an emulsion, but it is primarily an emulsifier. To make a cream thicker, additional consistency agents or thickeners are usually added.
Is PEG-100 Stearate a preservative?
No. PEG-100 Stearate does not act as a preservative. Products that contain water generally require an appropriate preservative system to prevent microbial growth.
Is PEG-100 Stearate natural?
PEG-100 Stearate is an ethoxylated ingredient and is therefore generally not considered a raw material for certified natural cosmetics.
Is PEG-100 Stearate vegan?
PEG-100 Stearate can be produced from plant-based raw materials. Whether a specific grade is vegan depends on the raw materials used and must be confirmed by the supplier.
Is PEG-100 Stearate palm oil-free?
Not necessarily. The stearic acid used may come from palm oil or other plant-based sources. Always check with the supplier if palm oil-free sourcing is important.
Is PEG-100 Stearate suitable for face cream?
Yes. PEG-100 Stearate is suitable for both light day creams and richer night creams. The final properties are determined by the overall formulation.
Is PEG-100 Stearate suitable for body lotion?
Yes. PEG-100 Stearate is a commonly used emulsifier for light, easily spreadable body lotions and body creams.
Can PEG-100 Stearate be used in conditioner?
Yes. PEG-100 Stearate helps emulsify oil and water and contributes to a creamy texture. For optimal conditioning, a cationic conditioning ingredient, such as BTMS, is usually added as well.
Why does my emulsion separate when I use PEG-100 Stearate?
An unstable emulsion can be caused by an insufficient dosage, an excessively large oil phase, incorrect processing temperatures, insufficient homogenization, incompatible ingredients, or an inappropriate pH level.
Why is my cream too runny?
PEG-100 Stearate is primarily an emulsifier and not a powerful thickener. To create a thicker cream, add a suitable fatty alcohol, consistency agent, or polymer thickener, such as Cetearyl Alcohol or xanthan gum.
Why does my cream get thicker after a day?
As it cools, the emulsion gradually forms its internal structure. The final viscosity is often not reached until 24 to 48 hours have passed. Therefore, it is advisable to wait until after this period before making a final assessment of the emulsion.
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